Initiative 2 · One of three

Student Journey UX Study
Where students hit barriers, and how hard

The core diagnosis. Three research personas live the full journey, from application to the goal they came for, graduating, transferring, entering the workforce, or building a specific skill, at all 10 Maricopa colleges. Run at every college, that is 30 distinct journeys, not three, and each one covers every service the inventory identified, financial aid, advising, registration, and the rest, college by college. Personas are given problems, never destinations, and we observe whether they self-serve or disengage. Every stop is logged: the path taken, the time, the ease, the severity, and the AI opportunity. The walkthroughs are run as AI-agent-assisted sessions, a researcher authenticates and directs, an AI agent drives and records the journey at a scale a handful of testers could not, and each service is scored twice: for human usability, and for whether a student’s own AI assistant could navigate it, the emerging practice of Agent Experience (AX). The result is a ranked map of where students hit barriers, and, just as important, where the support that already exists is going unfound.

3research personas
10colleges in scope
30journey runs (3 × 10)
60+touchpoints per run
10journey stages
Now scaled: one persona, one campus, one task, across all ten colleges.
This page describes the method. The study has since scaled from three personas to a library of 36, with every test a single persona at a single campus attempting a single task. A taxonomy of 46 base tasks multiplies by persona and by the ten colleges toward roughly 500 scenarios and 5,000 task-runs, split between human and AI testers. See the persona library, the scenario and task bank, the coverage dashboard, and the full methodology and requirements.
What this study is for, and what it is not.
Domain 5’s mandate is narrow on purpose. We are not here to fix every barrier we find. We are here to pinpoint where AI can close the gaps that drive students away, above all the support and connection that already exist on every campus but that students cannot find when they need them. Barriers that are really process or policy problems get documented and routed to the right owner. Where the fix is automation, the aim is to take routine, repetitive work off support staff so they spend their time on the students who need a person, no one is replaced. The AI opportunities are what we carry into Initiative 3.

How the study works Task-based usability evaluation · moderated, think-aloud · 45 to 60 min per persona

A participant takes on one of three research personas and works real tasks across the whole student journey while thinking aloud. We never tell them where to go; they receive a goal and must navigate independently through the live systems. The route is 60-plus touchpoints across 10 stages, plus a population track and a swirl track, run over several sittings. Each persona is run at every one of the 10 colleges, so the study produces at least 30 distinct journey results, one persona at one college at a time, not a single pass.

The study is run and analyzed in Notion (research repository, tagging, and synthesis), FigJam (journey maps and service blueprints), and Miro (collaborative workshops and affinity sessions). Findability checks (card sorting, first-click, and tree-test-style exercises) are built and run in FigJam and Miro.

What a tester sees when they open it
  1. Pick your persona and read your full story and scenario.
  2. You are given a task: a real problem, never a destination.
  3. You navigate independently in the live college systems, thinking aloud.
  4. You log where you looked, how long it took, where you landed, and how easy or hard it was.
  5. Repeat across all of them while a note-taker records.
What we measure
  • Task success (success, partial, or fail)
  • Time-on-task and the path taken
  • Ease after each task (Single Ease Question, 1 to 7)
  • Severity of each barrier (0 to 4, Nielsen)
  • Where students disengage, and bilingual gaps
Built with real UX methods and tools
  • Personas and scenario tasks
  • Journey maps and service blueprints (FigJam)
  • Card sorting, first-click, and tree-test-style findability exercises (FigJam / Miro)
  • Collaborative workshops and affinity sessions (Miro)
  • Research repository, tagging, and synthesis (Notion)
Three personas, run at each of the 10 colleges, is 30 distinct journeys, not three.
Each run walks every service the Initiative 1 inventory identified, financial aid, advising, enrollment, registration, tutoring, basic needs, and the rest. A persona skips only what genuinely would not apply to them, and we note it when they do, so across the three personas every service at every college is covered. At more than 60 touchpoints per run, that is up to roughly 1,800 logged outcomes: a college-by-college matrix of exactly where students encounter barriers.

The journey 60+ touchpoints across 10 stages, plus a population track and a swirl track

These stages mirror the Initiative 1 service inventory: every one of the 50-plus services in the crosswalk has a stop here, so nothing we identified goes untested.

Stage 1
Get in the door
  • Apply & admissions
  • Account & login (MEID), IT help desk
  • Residency & tuition
  • New student orientation / FYE
  • Enrollment & registration (one-stop)
  • Dual enrollment / ACE
  • Adult Ed / GED / ESL entry
Stage 2
Pay for it
  • Financial aid / FAFSA
  • Scholarships
  • Cashier / student business services
  • Bill & payment plan
  • Emergency aid
Stage 3
Plan the path
  • Academic advising
  • Placement / testing
  • Major / Field of Interest
  • Transfer-credit evaluation
  • Self-registration
Stage 4
Get set up
  • Student email & login
  • Campus tech (print, wi-fi, labs)
  • Student ID
  • Bookstore & textbooks
  • Parking & transit
  • Dining
Stage 5
First weeks in class
  • Canvas (LMS)
  • Submit work & grades
  • Reach your instructor
  • Library & research help
  • Fix a dropped class
Stage 6
When you are struggling
  • Tutoring & learning center
  • Writing center
  • Online tutoring tool
  • Counseling
  • Disability Resources (DRS)
  • Drop / withdraw & aid impact
Stage 7
When life gets hard
  • Basic Needs hub
  • Food pantry
  • Clothing & hygiene
  • Housing referrals
  • Child care
  • Mental health / crisis
  • Student health clinic
  • CARE / BIT team
  • Conduct & student rights
  • Police, safety & alerts
Stage 8
Belong & grow
  • Clubs & organizations
  • Student government
  • Athletics & fitness
  • Campus job / work-study
  • Honors & Phi Theta Kappa
Stage 9
Look ahead
  • Career services
  • Transfer services
  • Job / career platform
  • Internships
  • Licensure path
Stage 10
Finish & leave
  • Degree / certificate audit
  • Apply for graduation
  • Transcripts
  • Account, email & file offboarding
  • Alumni / next steps
Cross-cutting · find the program that fits you
Population & identity programs
  • Veterans services
  • International students
  • DACA & Dreamers
  • TRIO / Student Support Services
  • HSI / Title V program
  • American Indian programs
Swirl track · some semesters, most never
One class at another campus
  • A class is full or not offered in person here
  • Apply to the second college (still required)
  • Residency now carries over (recent fix)
  • Financial aid covers it (consortium)
  • Credit counts back home
  • Navigate a second campus’s systems

How a tester runs a session A run sheet to read, a form to record

A session has two pieces. The run sheet gives the tester their assignment for one run: the persona they are, the test login created at their college, the college, and the tasks to work in order. The capture form is where they log each task as they go. The tester reads the run sheet, works the tasks in character, and records one entry per task.

Read first

Tester run sheet

One page that hands the tester everything for a single run: which persona they are, the test login created at their college, the college, and the full task list in order, with what counts as done.

Ready
Record as you go

Capture form

The instrument testers use at each task: persona and college, the task attempted, the path they took, time-on-task, ease, and severity. One record per task, 60-plus per run, across the 30 runs (3 personas × 10 colleges).

Live · pilot-ready

The approach Why this is real UX research, not a survey

Method

Problems, not destinations

We never tell a persona where to go. They are given a real felt need (“I am failing math,” “I need to register”) and must find the path themselves. The gap between self-serve and abandoning the process to call a human is the barrier data.

Reality

Swirling built in

Two personas enroll at a second college, a second application, residency re-proof, consortium aid, making credits count back home. Maricopa does not operate as “one Maricopa.”

Evidence

Grounded in real data

Primary research across all 10 college sites, the GCC Student Frustrations Survey (83 barriers, 4.5/5), and Rio Salado Student Senate notes, all cross-walked into the tasks. See the evidence for the full data.

Outcome

Barriers → AI priorities

Every documented barrier maps to a proposed, human-centered AI fix in the AI Opportunity Map, ranked by impact on student success. That hand-off is Initiative 3.

The personas Three stress-tested students · mapped to Test Student 1–3

Built with realistic detail so the study fails where students actually encounter barriers. Drafts here are pending validation with real students (design-studio students and a Student AI Group via student government).

Test Student 1

Marisol Reyes · 19

First-gen · pre-Nursing / CTE · works ~25 hrs/wk
ContextLives with mom and younger siblings; Spanish at home; navigates English institutional jargon slowly. Pell-dependent, one missed step can end her semester. Completes almost everything on her phone.
Quirks
  • Screenshots everything; asks her cousin before she asks the college.
  • Avoids phone calls (anxiety), wants text or chat.
  • Rarely checks her Maricopa email; will not ask a question she fears is foolish.
Breaks atFAFSA verification holds, the word “prerequisite,” developmental-math placement, DUO without a reliable phone, English-only pages, transportation. Swirls for a CNA course offered elsewhere.
Test Student 2

Darnell Carter · 34

Veteran · Business AA → ASU transfer · full-time job + 2 kids
ContextHas old credits from years ago. Studies 9pm–midnight. Capable and impatient; expects systems to work like consumer apps and will self-advise rather than wait.
Quirks
  • Skims quickly and abandons any process that takes more than ~10 minutes.
  • Keeps his own planning spreadsheet; emails in bullet points.
  • GI Bill makes every drop/refund decision higher-stakes.
Breaks atUn-evaluated transcripts, prerequisite blocks from self-enrolling, veteran enrollment-certification lag, “if I drop, do I owe money or lose my GI Bill?” Swirls for an evening/online course his college does not offer this term.
Test Student 3

Jax Nguyen · 18

Exploring / digital media · straight from high school · uses they/them
ContextDigitally fluent but institutionally naive, assumes everything works like an app. Undecided major. ADHD/anxiety; an executive-function dip mid-semester is likely.
Quirks
  • Ignores email; lives in Canvas notifications and Discord.
  • Works at 11pm; disengages when a process becomes confusing.
  • Motivated by belonging, clubs, esports, and finding their community.
Breaks atDoes not know who their advisor is, cannot distinguish counseling from advising, Field-of-Interest confusion, an opaque accommodations process (does not know the term), Canvas onboarding, and saving work before the account closes. Swirls for a media course offered only at another campus.